Aviation Glossary

10

A comprehensive glossary of aviation terms, acronyms, and technical jargon explained in plain language.

All

Auto-Flight System

AFS

The integrated automation suite comprising autopilot, auto-throttle, and flight director that manages aircraft trajectory and energy state from shortly after takeoff to touchdown, reducing crew workload and improving precision.

Aircraft Systems

Electrical Bus

None

A power distribution network within an aircraft that routes electrical energy from generators, APU, or batteries to avionics and systems, organized in priority tiers to ensure critical equipment receives power first.

Aircraft Systems

Environmental Control System

ECS

The integrated system that maintains cabin temperature, pressure, and air quality by conditioning engine bleed air or electrically compressed air for passenger and crew comfort and safety.

Aircraft Systems

Flight Data Monitoring

FDM

A proactive safety program that systematically records and analyzes routine flight data from aircraft systems to identify operational risks, exceedances, and unsafe trends before they escalate into incidents or accidents.

Aircraft Systems

Fuel Tank Inerting System

FTIS

A safety system that reduces oxygen concentration inside fuel tanks to below the flammable threshold by filling the ullage space with nitrogen-enriched air, preventing fuel vapor ignition.

Aircraft Systems

Hydraulic System

None

A high-pressure fluid power system that actuates flight controls, landing gear, brakes, and other critical aircraft mechanisms by transmitting force through pressurized hydraulic fluid.

Aircraft Systems

Ice Protection System

IPS

Systems that prevent or remove ice accumulation on critical aircraft surfaces — including wing leading edges, engine inlets, pitot tubes, and windshields — using thermal, mechanical, or chemical methods.

Aircraft Systems

No-Bleed Architecture

None

A modern aircraft design philosophy pioneered by the Boeing 787 that eliminates engine bleed air extraction entirely, replacing pneumatic systems with electric compressors, pumps, and heating elements for improved fuel efficiency and reliability.

Aircraft Systems

Pneumatic System

None

An aircraft system using compressed air — typically extracted from engine compressor stages as bleed air — for cabin pressurization, anti-icing, engine starting, and hydraulic reservoir pressurization.

Aircraft Systems

Ram Air Turbine

RAT

A small emergency turbine that automatically deploys into the airstream during total power loss, using ram air to drive a propeller that generates hydraulic pressure and electrical power for essential flight controls and instruments.

Aircraft Systems